Feces. Elephant feces Feces, or faeces (see spelling differences), also known as excrement, is waste product from an animal's digestive tract expelled through the anus or cloaca during a process called defecation. Etymology The word faeces is the plural of the Latin word faex meaning "dregs". There is no singular form in the English language, making it a plurale tantum.[1] There are many colloquial terms for feces, of which some are considered profane (such as shit) while others (such as poo, poop, number two, deuce, doodoo, dookie, and doody) are not. Stool is a common term normally used in reference to human feces. Ecology The cassowary disperses plant seeds via its feces. Earthworm feces aid in provision of minerals and plant nutrients in an accessible form. After an animal has digested eaten material, the remains of that material are expelled from its body as waste. Seeds may also be found in feces.
Human feces Human fecal matter varies significantly in appearance, depending on diet and health. Kecksburg UFO incident. A model of the crashed object, originally created for the show Unsolved Mysteries, and put on display near the Kecksburg fire station. The Kecksburg UFO incident occurred on December 9, 1965, at Kecksburg, Pennsylvania, USA. A large, brilliant fireball was seen by thousands in at least six U.S. states and Ontario, Canada. It streaked over the Detroit, Michigan/Windsor, Ontario area, reportedly dropped hot metal debris over Michigan and northern Ohio,[1] starting some grass fires[2] and caused sonic booms in Western Pennsylvania.[3] It was generally assumed and reported by the press to be a meteor[4] after authorities discounted other proposed explanations such as a plane crash, errant missile test, or reentering satellite debris.[5] However, eyewitnesses in the small village of Kecksburg, about 30 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, claimed something crashed in the woods.[6] A boy said he saw the object land; his mother saw a wisp of blue smoke arising from the woods and alerted authorities.
High-altitude flatus expulsion. High-altitude flatus expulsion (HAFE) is a gastrointestinal syndrome which involves the spontaneous passage of increased quantities of rectal gases at high altitudes.[1] First described by Joseph Hamel in c. 1820[2] and occasionally described afterward,[3] a landmark study of this phenomenon was published in 1981 by Paul Auerbach and York Miller.[1] The phenomenon is based on the differential in atmospheric pressure, directly correlated with the observer's frequency of and level of experience in high-altitude metabolism. As the external pressure decreases, the difference in pressure between the gas within the body and the atmosphere outside is higher, and the urge to expel gas to relieve the pressure is greater.
Consistent with Boyle's law, controlling for dietary variance, the amount of gas produced is constant in mass, but the volume increases as the external pressure decreases. See also[edit] References[edit] ^ Jump up to: a b Auerbach Paul, Miller YE (February 1981). Sanitary sewer. PVC Sanitary Sewer Installation. Sanitary sewers are sized to carry the amount of sewage generated by the collection area. Sanitary sewers are much smaller than combined sewers designed to also carry surface runoff.
The few sanitary sewers large enough for a man to stand erect typically carry flows that would sweep him off his feet. View looking down into an open manhole showing two converging sanitary sewer lines. Interior photo of a large sanitary sewer from an access manhole. A sanitary sewer (also called a foul sewer) is a separate underground carriage system specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings to treatment or disposal. History[edit] Animal feces were plentiful on city streets while animal-powered transport moved people and goods.
Nomenclature[edit] Pipes conveying sewage from an individual building to a common gravity sewer line are called laterals. Maintenance[edit] Simplified sewers[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit] Proctoscopy. Proctoscopy is a common medical procedure in which an instrument called a proctoscope (also known as a rectoscope, although the latter may be a bit longer) is used to examine the anal cavity, rectum or sigmoid colon.
A proctoscope is a short, straight, rigid, hollow metal tube, and usually has a small light bulb mounted at the end. It is approximately 5 inches or 15 cm long, while a rectoscope is approximately 10 inches or 25 cm long. During proctoscopy, the proctoscope is lubricated and inserted into the rectum, and then the obturator[disambiguation needed] is removed, allowing an unobstructed view of the interior of the rectal cavity. This procedure is normally done to inspect for hemorrhoids or rectal polyps and might be mildly uncomfortable as the proctoscope is inserted further into the rectum. Modern fibre-optic proctoscopes allow more extensive observation with less discomfort. Proctoscopes[edit] Two proctoscopes A proctoscope (middle) with an anoscope and a rectoscope Notes[edit]
Diaper. Disposable baby diaper with resealable tapes and elasticated leg cuffs. Different kinds of outer diapers. A diaper (also called a nappy in South Africa, Ireland, United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia) is a kind of underwear that allows one to defecate or urinate in a discreet manner. When diapers become soiled, they require changing; this process is often performed by a second person such as a parent or caregiver. Failure to change a diaper on a regular enough basis can result in skin problems. Diapers are made of cloth or synthetic disposable materials. Diapers are primarily worn by children who are not yet potty trained or experience bedwetting. History[edit] Etymology[edit] "Another bear the ewer, the third a diaper" Development[edit] Unpleasant duties (1631) by Adriaen Brouwer, depicting the changing of a diaper.
Here is an extract from 'The Modern Home Doctor' written by doctors in the UK in 1935. The constant problem to be overcome was diaper rash and infection. Types[edit] Usage[edit] He-gassen. He-Gassen (Japanese: 屁合戦) is a Japanese art scroll created during the Edo period by an unknown artist or several unknown artists.[1] The scroll depicts various scenes with one peculiar characteristic reoccurring throughout the scroll, namely that at least one character is having a bout of flatulence directed against other characters.[1] The name of the scroll roughly translates to "Farting Competition" or "Fart Battle".[1] The scroll was made with the intention to highlight the political and social changes in Japan.[1] This scroll and other similar drawings were created in response to increasing intrusion of Europeans in Japan during the Edo period.[1] The scroll has been digitized by the Waseda University Library.
Complete He-gassen scroll References[edit] Beans, Beans, the Musical Fruit. "Beans, Beans, The Musical Fruit" is a schoolyard saying and children's song about the capacity for beans to contribute to flatulence.[1] The song is also variously known as "Beans, Beans, the Magical Fruit", "Beans, Beans, the Miracle Fruit", and "Beans, Beans, the Wonderful Fruit". One variation of the song (sometimes called the second verse) is titled "Beans, Beans, They're Good for Your Heart. " The basis of the song (and bean/fart humor in general) is the high amount of oligosaccharides present in beans. Bacteria in the large intestine digest these sugars, producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen. These gases are expelled from the body as flatulence.[2] Lyrics[edit] Various versions of the song exist.[3] These are some examples of the lyrics: Beans, beans, the musical fruit The more you eat, the more you toot The more you toot, the better you feel So we have beans at every meal!
Or Popular culture references[edit] References[edit] Footnotes General sources. Toilet-related injuries and deaths. A toilet with the potentially dangerous arrangement of the seat being up There are many toilet-related injuries and some toilet-related deaths throughout history and in urban legends. Accidents[edit] In young boys, one of the most common causes of genital injury is when the toilet seat falls down while they are standing at the toilet.[1] Smaller children run the risk of drowning if they fall headfirst into the toilet.
Injuries to adults include bruised buttocks, tail bones, and dislocated hips from unsuspectingly sitting on the toilet bowl rim because the seat is up or loose. Injuries can also be caused by pinching due to splits in plastic seats or by splinters from wooden seats, or if the toilet itself collapses under the weight of the user. Older high flush cast iron cisterns have been known to detach from the wall when the chain is pulled to flush, causing injuries to the user. Injuries caused by animals[edit] There are also injuries caused by animals. Historical deaths[edit] High altitude flatus expulsion. Human gastrointestinal tract. The human gastrointestinal tract, or GI tract, is an organ system responsible for consuming and digesting foodstuffs, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste.
The tract consists of the stomach and intestines, and is divided into the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts.[1] However, by the broadest definition, the GI tract includes all structures between the mouth and the anus.[2] On the other hand, the digestive system is a broader term that includes other structures, including the digestive organs and their accessories.[3] The tract may also be divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut, reflecting the embryological origin of each segment. The whole digestive tract is about nine metres long.[4] The GI tract releases hormones to help regulate the digestive process. Structure[edit] The structure and function can be described both as gross anatomy and as microscopic anatomy or histology.
Upper gastrointestinal tract[edit] Upper and Lower human gastrointestinal tract Small intestine[edit]