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The Roots of Lisp
May 2001 (I wrote this article to help myself understand exactly what McCarthy discovered. You don't need to know this stuff to program in Lisp, but it should be helpful to anyone who wants to understand the essence of Lisp-- both in the sense of its origins and its semantic core. The fact that it has such a core is one of Lisp's distinguishing features, and the reason why, unlike other languages, Lisp has dialects.) In 1960, John McCarthy published a remarkable paper in which he did for programming something like what Euclid did for geometry.
J is a modern, high-level, general-purpose, high-performance programming language. J is portable and runs on Windows, Unix, Mac, and PocketPC handhelds, both as a GUI and in a console. True 64-bit J systems are available for XP64 or Linux64, on AMD64 or Intel EM64T platforms. J systems can be installed and distributed for free. J is particularly strong in the mathematical, statistical, and logical analysis of data. It is a powerful tool in building new and better solutions to old problems and even better at finding solutions where the problem is not already well understood.
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Clojure is a dialect of Lisp, and shares with Lisp the code-as-data philosophy and a powerful macro system. Clojure is predominantly a functional programming language, and features a rich set of immutable, persistent data structures. When mutable state is needed, Clojure offers a software transactional memory system and reactive Agent system that ensure clean, correct, multithreaded designs. New Clojure books in progress: Get 35% off any version of Clojure in Action or The Joy of Clojure (print book or ebook) with checkout code "clojure35".home of the little b modular modeling language
the little b language: shared models built from reusable parts The little b project is an effort to provide an open source language which allows scientists to build mathematical models of complex systems. The initial focus is systems biology . The goal is to stimulate widespread sharing and reuse of models. The little b language enables scientists to build models from shared parts and create custom notations which make models easier to read and write.