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Unit 3

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Cleft sentences. It + be + phrase + defining relative clause Cleft sentences (also called it-clefts) are the result of changing the normal sentence pattern to emphasise a particular piece of information.

Cleft sentences

The emphasis in the resulting cleft sentence is on the phrase after it + be. Look at the following example: János Irinyi invented the non-explosive match in 1836. We can transform this sentence in different ways depending on which part of it we want to bring into focus: It was János Irinyi who/that invented the non-explosive match in 1836.It was the non-explosive match which/that/(-) János Irinyi invented in 1836. In the clauses that follow it + be + phrase, we can use the same relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why) that we normally use in defining relative clauses. However, if we bring a whole adverbial phrase into focus, we use that: WORD FORMATION. FCE exercises. From January 2015, the FCE reading and use of English exams will be combined to make a single exam.

FCE exercises

Parts 1-4 are very similar to the old Use of English paper, and parts 5-7 are reading texts, again very similar to the previous reading exam (see the Cambridge FCE website for details and some official practice). As before, one of the best things you can do to prepare is lots and lots of reading - books, magazines, blogs - anything to give you a 'feel' for the language. What's involved in the different parts of the exam? Essential FCE grammar Vocabulary: Word Formation Vocabulary: Phrasal Verbs Don't get too stressed about phrasal verbs. Vocabulary: Expressions Vocabulary: Collocations If you are doing the exam in the next few months, you should really be looking at past papers too. Click on the books to explore these and other FCE books on Amazon (and to give me a small commission if you decide to buy anything!) This page is still under construction, so keep checking for more activities.

Colour Idioms. The Cambridge CAE Course: Self-study student's book - Mary Spratt, Lynda B. Taylor. English Advanced 2: Ready for CAE p 115. Cleft Sentences. Extra Practice. How To Start Your Own Country - S1E1.avi. Random Idea English: Emphasis - Focussing with cleft sentences. We sometimes use constructions called cleft sentences when we want to focus on a particular part of the sentence.

Random Idea English: Emphasis - Focussing with cleft sentences

These are used both in written and spoken English. There are two main types of cleft sentence, it- clefts and what- clefts (and a variation of what-clefts, all-clefts). What- clefts and variations on them are often referred to as pseudo clefts. Read all about clefts and try some exercises. Introduction What a cleft sentence does is to cleave (split or divide into two) a sentence into two parts in order to emphasise one of the parts (underlined). Warsaw Will writes this blog. Cleft Sentences. Cleft Sentences: shifting focus to another sentence part. Shifting focus to another sentence part Basic vs.

Cleft Sentences: shifting focus to another sentence part

Cleft Clause what = that which that (pron.) + which (relative pron.) that which / the thing that / the part that / the element that "We can emphasize particular words and expressions by putting everything into a kind of relative clause except the words we want to emphasize: this makes them stand out. " The words to be emphasized are joined to the relative clause by is or was. Resources – (Huddleston 16 §9.1-3) (Biber 11.6.2) (Swan 130) Related pages That-Subject Clauses, What-Subject Clauses Emphasizing & weighting Creating emphasis or weighting content what (fused relative) – [that (pron.) + which (rel. pron.)] ¹ ascriptive be – indicates a quality or characteristic of the predicate complement.

Emphasizing identity. Cleft sentences. Cleft Sentences+Exercises. E.O.I. 5th YEARUNIT 5: Cleft sentences I want a new coat for Christmas.

Cleft Sentences+Exercises

All I want for Christmas is a new coat. A new coat is all I want for Christmas. I touched the bedside light and it broke. did was (to) touch the bedside light and itbroke.Finally, we can also use preparatory it in cleftsentences and join the words that we want to focus onto the relative clause with that who or when .In the example which follows, note how thisconstruction enables us to focus on different aspects of the information, which may be important at the time: