Basics of Buddhism The Four Noble Truths The Four Noble Truths comprise the essence of Buddha's teachings, though they leave much left unexplained. They are the truth of suffering, the truth of the cause of suffering, the truth of the end of suffering, and the truth of the path that leads to the end of suffering. The Four Noble Truths are a contingency plan for dealing with the suffering humanity faces -- suffering of a physical kind, or of a mental nature. The Third Noble Truth, the truth of the end of suffering, has dual meaning, suggesting either the end of suffering in this life, on earth, or in the spiritual life, through achieving Nirvana. Lecture Notes: Early Indian and Chinese Civilizations The Rise and Spread of Civilization in India and China, c. 2500 BC-AD 535 Introduction and Overview: Early Indian Civilization 1) The third of the great river valley civilizations developed along the Indus River in present-day Pakistan. It flourished from about 2400 BC to about 1500 BC. 2) Shortly before its collapse, Indo-European or Aryan invaders entered the Indian sub-continent. 3) Over the course of the following centuries, these two civilizations blended and evolved, forming Indian civilization. 4) During this period, two great religious traditions — Hinduism and Buddhism — had their origins and then spread outwards. 5) Rise of Maurya and Gupta Empires. 6) Establishment of fundamental patterns of Indian civilization. Indus Valley Civilization View of Mohenjo-Daro towards the Great Bath. Street in Mohenjo-Daro with Covered Drain. Little is known about Harappan political life. Scholars can only speculate on the causes of the decline of Harappan civilization. Nature of the caste system
Film protests: US orders Tunisia and Sudan withdrawal 16 September 2012Last updated at 03:29 ET The US State Department has now advised US citizens against all travel to Tunisia The United States has ordered non-essential diplomatic staff and their families to leave Sudan and Tunisia. In a statement, the state department also urged US citizens in Tunisia to make their way out of the country. The US embassies in the Tunisian and Sudanese capitals have both been attacked in the wave of anti-US protests in the Muslim world over an anti-Islam film made in the US. Earlier, Sudan refused to allow the US to send Marines to protect its embassy. Sudanese officials said the country's security forces were capable of providing protection to the embassy. Three people were killed when the US embassy was attacked in Khartoum on Friday. Americans were also warned against all travel to Tunisia, after two people lost their lives during attacks on the embassy in Tunis and a neighbouring American school. 'Unacceptable' insult Low-budget production Calls for calm
The religion of Buddhism Religions of the world Menu Quotation by Siddhãrtha Gautama (Buddha): "Do not believe in anything simply because you have heard it. Do not believe in anything simply because it is spoken and rumored by many. Sponsored link Background: Buddhism currently has about 376 million followers and is generally listed as the world's fourth largest religion after Christianity, Islam and Hinduism. Topics covered in this section: Sponsored link: Amazon.com's online store lists the following books on Buddhism: If you see a generic Amazon.com ad here, please click on your browser's refresh key. For an introduction to Buddhism, we recommend the following books. Thubten Chodron, "Buddhism for Beginners." Not a sponsored link Site navigation: Copyright © 1996 to 2011 by Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance Latest update: 2013-JUL-08 Author: B.A. Sponsored link
The Middle Ages | Feudalism Characteristics of the Feudal World Timeline The Middle Ages or medieval time is believed to have started with the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 and to have lasted about 1,000 years until about 1450. The beginning of the Middle Ages is called the Dark Ages because the great civilizations of Rome and Greece had been conquered. The end of the Middle Ages in about 1450 led to the beginning of the Renaissance. The principal features of the Renaissance were that learning became important, the lords and the church were both becoming powerful forces for change, the art world was flourishing with innovations like the development of perspective in painting and there was great advancement in science. The barbarians were prevalent in most of the European nations of the Middle Ages. It should be noted that other parts of the world were thriving in this era. The People Life was very hard in the Middle Ages. The Family Family life was governed by the place one held in society.
Iranian commander: Nothing will remain of Israel if it attacks In unusually strongly worded, detailed statement, Revolutionary Guard Chief Mohammad Ali Jafari warns Israel against consequences of proceeding with military strike against Tehran's nuclear program The top commander in Iran's powerful Revolutionary Guard warned Sunday that "nothing will remain" of Israel if it takes military action against Tehran over its controversial nuclear program. General Mohammad Ali Jafari said Iran's response to any attack will begin near the Israeli border. The Islamic Republic has close ties with terrorists in Gaza and Lebanon, both of which border Israel. Related stories: Iran has in the past made reference to the destruction of Israel but his comments at a Tehran news conference were unusually strongly worded and detailed. He also said that Iran warned that oil shipments through the strategic Strait of Hormuz will be in jeopardy if a war breaks out between Iran and the United States. Gen. "But it does not mean that we have a military presence there," he said.
Sacred Texts: Buddhism Sacred-texts home Journal Articles: Buddhism OCRT: Buddhism Buy CD-ROM Buy Books about Buddhism Modern works Southern Buddhism Northern Buddhism JatakaLinks Modern works The Gospel of Buddha: Compiled from Ancient Records by Paul Carus [1909]A modern retelling of the Buddha's work and life. Buddha, the Word by Paul Carus Amitabha by Paul Carus [1906]Buddhist concepts of God, non-violence, and religious tolerance. The Buddhist Catechism by Henry S. The Creed of Buddha by Edmond Holmes (2nd. ed.) [1919]A Pantheist looks at contemporary Western views of Buddhism. The Life of Buddha by Andre Ferdinand Herold [1922], tr. by Paul C. A Buddhist Bible by Dwight Goddard (1st ed.) [1932]An edited (but not watered-down) collection of key Zen documents, a favorite of Jack Kerouac. The Smokey the Bear Sutra by Gary Snyder.A much beloved short poem about the relationship between Buddhism and ecology, written by one of the 'beat' era poets, simultaneously funny and profound. Southern Buddhism Jataka BBS Files
History 266: World History from the Renaissance to Imperialism--Lecture Notes Lecture Notes Developed by Lee M. Pappas and Nicholas C. Lecture 1: An Introduction to History. A. Lecture 2: The World in the 15th Century. A. Lecture 3: Fifteenth Century Europe: Social and Economic Changes A. Lecture 4: Fifteenth Century Europe: Cultural Changes: The Renaissance. A. Lecture 5: Sixteenth Century Europe: Cultural Changes--The Reformation. A. Lecture 6: Lecture Protestants, Catholics and the Wars of Religion. While Lutheranism was essentially sober, restrained, and moderate in nature as it spread throughout Germany and Scandinavia, the Protestant wave produced far reaching religious change in other areas in Europe. Lecture 7: The Ottoman Empire and the Muscovy. A. Lecture 8: The Expansion of Europe: Initial Phase and General effects, 1400-1600. Overview: The European discovery of America was a complete accident: a momentous piece of serendipity on the part of men who had set out to look for something else. A. Lecture 10: State Formation in Early Modern Europe.
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